Diazepam is prescribed for conditions such as anxiety disorders, acute muscle spasms, seizure management, and alcohol withdrawal, under the supervision of a licensed clinician. It works by enhancing GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces excessive nerve activity in the brain, producing calming, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant effects.
Dosage is individualized based on the condition, age, and patient response. For anxiety, adults are commonly prescribed 2–10 mg taken 2–4 times daily. For muscle spasms, 2–10 mg up to 4 times daily is typical. Older adults or patients with liver impairment often require lower starting doses.
Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Diazepam carries risks of dependence and withdrawal and should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration, avoiding alcohol and opioids unless directed by a clinician.
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