Diazepam is prescribed for conditions such as anxiety disorders, acute muscle spasms, seizure management, and alcohol withdrawal, when evaluated by a licensed clinician. It works by enhancing the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter that calms excessive nerve activity in the brain, producing anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant effects.
Dosage is individualized based on the condition, patient age, and response. For anxiety, adults are typically prescribed 2–10 mg taken 2–4 times daily. For muscle spasms, 2–10 mg up to 4 times daily is common. Lower starting doses are recommended for older adults or those with liver impairment.
Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Diazepam carries risks of dependence and withdrawal and should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration, avoiding alcohol or opioids unless directed by a clinician.
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