Diazepam is prescribed for several medical conditions, including anxiety disorders, acute muscle spasms, seizure management, and alcohol withdrawal, under supervision of a licensed clinician. It works by enhancing GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces excessive nerve activity in the brain, producing anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant effects.
Dosage is individualized according to condition, age, and patient response. For anxiety, adults are often prescribed 2–10 mg taken 2–4 times daily. For muscle spasms, 2–10 mg up to 4 times daily may be used. Older adults or patients with liver impairment generally start at lower doses.
Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Diazepam carries risks of dependence and withdrawal and should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration, avoiding alcohol or opioids unless directed by a clinician.
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