Diazepam is prescribed for several conditions, including anxiety disorders, acute muscle spasms, seizure control, and alcohol withdrawal, under the supervision of a licensed clinician. It works by enhancing the effect of GABA, a neurotransmitter that calms excessive nerve activity in the brain, producing anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant effects.
Dosage is individualized based on the condition, age, and patient response. For anxiety, adults are commonly prescribed 2–10 mg taken 2–4 times daily. For muscle spasms, 2–10 mg up to 4 times daily is typical. Lower starting doses are recommended for older adults or patients with liver impairment.
Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Diazepam carries risks of dependence and withdrawal and should be used for the shortest effective duration, avoiding alcohol and opioids unless directed by a clinician.
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