Diazepam is prescribed for various medical conditions, including anxiety disorders, acute muscle spasms, seizure control, and alcohol withdrawal, under the guidance of a licensed clinician. It works by enhancing GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces excessive nerve activity in the brain, providing anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant effects.
Dosage is individualized based on condition, patient age, and clinical response. For anxiety, adults are commonly prescribed 2–10 mg taken 2–4 times daily. For muscle spasms, 2–10 mg up to 4 times daily may be used. Lower starting doses are recommended for older adults or patients with liver impairment.
Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Diazepam carries risks of dependence and withdrawal and should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration, avoiding alcohol and opioids unless directed by a clinician.
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